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學(xué)習(xí)基質(zhì)效應(yīng)
更新時間:2020-11-28   點擊次數(shù):1967次

學(xué)習(xí)基質(zhì)效應(yīng)

在日常檢測工作中,我們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn):

在農(nóng)-藥的檢測中存在基質(zhì)效應(yīng),會影響我們的檢測結(jié)果。

那么,何為基質(zhì)效應(yīng)?

化學(xué)分析中,基質(zhì)指的是樣品中被分析物以外的組分。基質(zhì)常常對分析物的分析過程有顯著的干擾,并影響分析結(jié)果的準確性。這些影響和干擾被稱為基質(zhì)效應(yīng)。

基質(zhì)效應(yīng)有基質(zhì)增強效應(yīng)和基質(zhì)抑制效應(yīng)?;|(zhì)增強效應(yīng)時,物質(zhì)在基質(zhì)中的響應(yīng)高于在純?nèi)軇┲械捻憫?yīng),這時如果用溶劑曲線去校正樣品,則檢測值偏大;基質(zhì)抑制效應(yīng)時,物質(zhì)在基質(zhì)中的響應(yīng)低于在純?nèi)軇┲械捻憫?yīng),這時如果用溶劑曲線去校正樣品,則檢測值偏小。

接下來,我們做個實驗來分析下氧樂-果在荷蘭豆中的基質(zhì)效應(yīng)數(shù)值。

用丙酮做溶劑配置0.750 μg/ml濃度氧樂-果,作為試劑標樣;用荷蘭豆空白樣品基質(zhì)溶液(濃度1 g/mL)做溶劑配制0.750 μg/ml濃度氧樂-果,作為基質(zhì)標樣。用相同儀器方法在氣相色譜儀進行檢測,檢測結(jié)果如圖1所示。試驗采用相對響應(yīng)值法來評價基質(zhì)效應(yīng)[1]。

我們可以看出同濃度氧樂-果,試劑標樣響應(yīng)明顯高于荷蘭豆基質(zhì)標樣響應(yīng),說明荷蘭豆樣品對氧樂-果存在明顯基質(zhì)效應(yīng)。通過公式計算,得到0.750 μg/ml濃度氧樂-果在荷蘭豆中基質(zhì)效應(yīng)為64%,基質(zhì)效應(yīng)抑制較強。

從以上試驗可以看出,有些樣品基質(zhì)對檢測物有明顯的基質(zhì)效應(yīng)。所以在日常檢測工作中,我們應(yīng)該注意基質(zhì)的影響,適當采用如基質(zhì)凈化法、特殊進樣法、校正因子校準法和分析保護劑法等[2]方法減少基質(zhì)效應(yīng)對定量結(jié)果的影響,保證定量結(jié)果的準確性。
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